Practical Microbiology I Lecturer:

Sterilization: is the perfect killing of the MO that found on the substances, since become free from this MO (vegetative cell or spores) by using physical methods.
Disinfections: is the removing of MO that hanging with substances by using of disinfectants: chemical agents that have bacteriocidal or bacteriostatic effects.
Bacteriocidal or microcidal: is killing the growth of the MO.
Bacteriostatic or microriostatic: is inhibiting the growth of the MO.
Methods of sterilization
There are three methods:
Physical, Chemical, & Mechanical methods.
Physical methods
A- Heat:
1-Dry heat:
a- Red heat: is sterilizing the tools (loope, needle, and forceps).
b- Flaming is the sterilizing of upper pit of the glasses (test tubes, flasks, and the surface of slides) on the Bunsen light flame with sloping way.
c- Burning: is the burning the clothes and dead infected animals when happened dangerous epidemic microbial diseases such as (anthrax) that caused by Bacillus anthracis.
2. Dry hot air: by using apparatus oven (at 160-180°C for 1.5-2 hr) is sterilizing the glass (Petri dish, pipettes, bottles, test tubes) filter papers and metal tools .
3. Moisture heat: is sterilizing the culture media& clothes by autoclave (1.5 bar for 20 mint).
B-radiation