Family and Community Health Nursing CourseLecture 13

Family and Community Health Nursing CourseLecture 13
Prepared by:
Prof. Dr. Muna Abdulwahab Khaleel
2017

Children less than 5 Years of age

Healthy children are a vital resource to future well being of nations.
They are the parents, workers, leaders and decision makers of tomorrow.
Their health & safety depends on today’s decisions & actions.
Cont.
The needs of many children continue to go unmet. However, in many nations infants health & well-being are in even greater jeopardy.
Cont.
National Center for Health Statistics reported that the major
causes of death among 1- 4 years are:

Accidents & Injuries

Motor vehicle crashes
Falls
Drowning
Fires & burns
Birth defects
Cancer
Assault “ homicide”
Heart diseases


Poor nutrition & Dental Hygiene
Underfeeding or overfeeding
Overeating
Inappropriate food choices
Poor dental health
Risk factors for child maltreatment are found in four areas:
Parent or Caregivers behavior
Family Characteristics
Child Factors
Environment
Health services for 1-4 years children
Preventive Health
Services
Health Protection
Services
Health Promotion
Services
Cont..
Preventive Health Services

Immunization program
Parent training program
Quality day care program
preschool program
All above programs to prevent illness and injuries.
Cont…
Health Protection Services
Accident & Injury protection
& control.
Protection from child
abuse & neglect.
Cont…
Health Promotion Programs
Nutritional programs
Adequate nutrition before birth.
Supplemental food programs for women, infants & children

“Levels of Prevention Model In Dealing With Health Problems”
Primary Prevention Which involves anticipatory planning and actions on the part of community health professionals to envision potential needs and problems, then design program to counteract them, so that they never occur.

Secondary prevention which includes efforts to detect and treat existing health problems at the earliest possible stage, when disease or impairment is already present.
Secondary prevention attempts to discover a health problem at a point when intervention may lead to its control or eradication.

Tertiary prevention attempts to reduce the extent and severity of a health problem to its lowest possible level. “ to minimize disability and restore or preserve function”
Role of Community Health Nurse
Community health nurse acts as an advocate and a resource for families of young children.
Her role can be developed through the following:
Assessing each population’s current health problems, as well as determining available and need services.

Providing interventions to serve young children’s health needs such as educational interventions that include nutrition teaching to assist in healthy habits formation for a lifetime.
Encouraging age-appropriate immunizations or cessation of smoking during pregnancy, complications of pregnancy & childbirth.

4. Community health nurse may employ persuasive tactics to move client’s toward more positive health behaviors.

5.With reporting and intervening in child abuse, nurses may practice a form of coercion to protect children from threats to their health.