meningitis

is inflammation of the lining around the brain and spinal cord. It is usually caused by an infection.

The infection occurs most often in children, teens, and young adults. Also at risk are older adults and people who have long-term health problems, such as a weakened immune system.

There are two main kinds of meningitis:

Viral meningitis is fairly common. It usually doesn t cause serious illness. In severe cases, it can cause prolonged fever and seizures.
Bacterial meningitis isn t as common, but it s very serious. It needs to be treated right away to prevent brain damage and death.
Viral meningitis is caused by viruses. Bacterial meningitis is caused by bacteria.

Meningitis can also be caused by other organisms and some medicines, but this is rare.

Meningitis is contagious. The germs that cause it can be passed from one person to another through coughing and sneezing and through close contact.

The most common symptoms among teens and young adults are:

A stiff and painful neck, especially when you try to touch your chin to your chest.
Fever.
Headache.
Vomiting.
Trouble staying awake.
Seizures.
Children, older adults, and people with other medical problems may have different symptoms:

Babies may be cranky and refuse to eat. They may have a rash. They may cry when held.
Young children may act like they have the flu. They may cough or have trouble breathing.
Older adults and people with other medical problems may have only a slight headache and fever.