Growth and Development 1year

Erikson and psychosocial development
Erik Erikson (1902-1994) acknowledged the contribute of biologic factors to development ,but felt that the environment , culture, and society were also important . His psychosocial (epigenetic) theory of development stressors the complexity of inter-relations existing between emotional and physical variables one’s lifetime (Erikson 1963) . Erikson agreed with many of Freud s ideas regarding basic instincts and the three components of personality( ex, ego , superego).

additional , he believed development was stage-like and conflict resolution was necessary at each stage in order for individual to successfully advance to the next stage. Erikson first five stages of development and approximate ages of each stage correspond closely with those outlined by Freud an other theorist .He is differs from freud however, in that he believers children actively adapt to and explore their environment

The resolution of each conflict or crisis might be positive or negative and making later development difficult , he believed that major conflicts occurring during each stage are rarely completely resolved . Instead they are of primary or dominant importance during a particular stage and then become less important or stages .In additional he suggested that conflicts is rarely completely resolved positively . Rather the positive resolution predominates over the negative resolution .It is true, however that difficulty at one stage may affect progress through later stages.
Instead of being controlled and molded by caregivers and society, and that children are rational creature whose actions, feeling, and thoughts are controlled primary. He lifespan development consisted of 8 sequential stages , five of these stages describe infants through adolescents ,each stage is dominated by major developmental conflicts or crises related to societal demands and expectations that must be addressed or resolved before the individual can progress to the next stage .


Infancy (1 month-11/2 year) when the basic task is to establish trust rather than mistrust in relation to oneself and others infant whose needs for comfort , food, and warmth are effectively and consistently met by a caregiver learn that that the world is not only predicable but safe , reliable and trustworthy . If caregivers are un