myocardities

Myocarditis Disease with Causes, Treatment and Nursing Intervention

Definition of Myocarditis Disease or Myocarditis Virus:
Myocarditis disease or Inflammatory cardiomyopathy is an inflammation of the myocardium, the middle layer of the heart wall.
Myocarditis disease
Causes of Myocarditis Disease or Myocarditis Causes:
There are different causes for myocarditis, which are mentioned in the below:
1. Infection:
• Viruses: Coxsackie virus-B, Parvo-Virus-B19, Rubella.
• Bacteria: Staphylococcus, Streptococcus.
• Parasites: Trypanosoma, Cruzi.
• Fungi: Candida Molds.
2. Medications or Illegal Drugs: Allergic, Toxic reaction),
3. Connective tissue disorders (Sclerodema, Systemic lupes crythematosus),
4. Electric shock,
5. Radiation induce,
6. Hyperpyrexia.

Sign and Symptoms of Myocarditis Disease or Myocarditis Symptoms:
Various sign and symptoms of myocarditis are in the following:
1. Shortness of breath during exercise,
2. Fatigue,
3. Palpitations light headedness,
4. Irregular heartbeat,
5. Sudden loss of consciousness,
6. Fever,
7. Bluish or Grayish discoloration of the skin,
8. Fluid retention with swelling of legs, Ankles and feet,
9. Headache,
10. Body aches,
11. Sudden death
Test and Diagnosis for Myocarditis Disease:
There are different test and diagnosis ways for myocarditis which are mentioned in the below:
1. ECG,
2. Chest X-Ray,
3. Echocardiogram,
4. Holter monitor,
5. Blood test (CBC, ESR, CRP).
6. MRI,
7. Cardiac catherization and endomyocardial biopsy,
8. Rheumatologic screening,
9. Viral genome testing in endomyocardial biopsy,
10. Cardiac angiography,
11. Cardiac enzyme levels (eg, creatine kinase or cardiac troponins)
12. Serum viral antibody titers.
Treatment for Myocarditis Disease:
Various treatment options for myocarditis disease are in the below:
1. Medication:
• ACE Inhibitors (Enalopril, Captopril) to relax the blood vessels and increase cardiac output.
• Angiotensin-2 receptor blockers (Losartan, Vasartan) to relax the blood vessels in heart and help blood flow more easily.
• Beta Blockers (Metoprolol, Bisoprolol) to control irregular or fast heart rhythms.
• Diuretics (Furosemide) to reduce fluid overload and sodium retension.
• Antibiotics (To treat bacterial infection).
• Non Steroidal Anti inflammatory Drugs (To relieve pain and inflammation).
• Anti-coagulant and antiplatlets(Aspirin) to prevent blood clot.
• Inatrops (Dobutamine, Dopamine) may be necessary for severe decompensation.
2. Nursing measures (Supportive):
• Oxygen Supplement, position , semisitting
• I.V cannula Fluid management,
• Low Sodium Diet,
• Hemodynamic and cardiac monitoring,
• Reduced activity.